Two methods have been used to measure attributional style. The link has been demonstrated in a wide variety of different samples, including HIV-infected men, adult-daughter caregivers, and patients with head and neck cancer. The association between dispositional optimism and these outcomes holds even when taking into account other related traits such as neuroticism, and holds not only for self-reported outcomes, but also for more objective measures of those outcomes. Dispositional Optimismĭispositional optimism is usually measured by the Life Orientation Test (LOT), which includes items such as, “In uncertain times, I usually expect the best.” Michael Scheier, Charles Carver, and others have shown that dispositional optimists experience relatively better physical health, report fewer illness symptoms, cope more effectively with stress, recover more quickly from surgery, are better able to deal with illness, are less likely to need rehospitalization, and have better survival rates following serious disease.
This article discusses various definitions of optimism, their relation to health, and explanations for this link. Traits related to optimism include hardiness (the tendency to appraise stresses as challenges), self-efficacy (a belief in one’s ability to effect positive outcomes), internal locus of control (feeling in control of what happens to oneself), and hope (a belief in one’s ability to achieve goals, combined with planned strategies to achieve those goals).
Send us feedback.Optimism is typically defined by psychologists as (1) having a generally positive view of the future, (2) attributing negative life events to factors unlikely to cause problems again, or (3) estimating one’s personal chances of experiencing specific negative outcomes to be low (and positive outcomes high). These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'optimism.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. William Neuman, The Atlantic, 13 June 2022 Using interviews with Ivanka Trump, her husband, Jared Kushner, and several of the president’s campaign aides, the committee video captured how the sense of celebration inside the White House residence turned from giddy optimism to grim anxiety. Rachel Desantis,, 14 June 2022 Investor fears of stagflation are at the highest since the 2008 financial crisis, while global growth optimism has sunk to a record low, according to Bank of America Corp.’s monthly fund manager survey.ī, 14 June 2022 With clarity, humor and optimism, the 33-year-old four-time major champion mustered a gallant and full-throated defense of the PGA Tour and the meaning and value of competition.Ĭhristine Brennan, USA TODAY, 14 June 2022 Core Earnings, the index requires growing investor optimism about future profits just to maintain valuations and stop price declines.ĭavid Trainer, Forbes, 13 June 2022 The opening ceremony featured just five musical numbers, most of them chosen to emphasize optimism and interdependence. Mike Gramajo, Orlando Sentinel, 15 June 2022 Kelly’s optimism, however, didn’t convince everyone.Ĭal Newport, The New Yorker, 15 June 2022 The uplifting book title is a reflection on Parker's character, Kelsey said, noting that despite his diagnosis, their house remained a place of optimism and light. Recent Examples on the Web And with Orlando being one of 16 cities still in the running, there’s optimism regarding the City Beautiful’s bid to host games.
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